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The
issue of drying in Benin: the activity of
drying, in order to diversify revenue generating activities
Shell Driers (an innovation by GRET/GERES),
completely solar based, well-known and used in the Sahel countries by
small groups of women (domestique level) simply cannot be used in neighboring
zones. It has thus been indispensably proven that a solar dryer be
supported with gas power adapted to the humid conditions of the Southern
regions of Benin (70% average humidity) be put in place.
Thus, thanks to a partnership between GERES
(Groupe Energies Renouvelables et Environnement) and SONGHAI that a wide
range of driers in response to the constraints and needs the individual
consumer:
The
channels of drying give to Benin
- Instantaneous flours (corn cereal -aklui-, purée
of niébé (adowê), pounded igname) constitute
the future products of West Africa
These traditional African
foodstuffs dried in sucha a manner keep them consumable for a
year; able to be stored in plastic bags, they are easily transportable.
In Ghana, traditionally dried products (banana and igname flour
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are widely consumed by the active population (working class men
and women) in urban areas. In Bénin, they are found in
outlets near heavily populated areas: Cotonou, Porto-Novo, Parakou,
Bohicon
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- Manioc and igname can be conserved by drying fine "cossettes" (small morsels). Cossettes constitute an interesting final product
for herders (feed for cattle) or an intermediary product for food
processors (production of instant flour).
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- Dried vegetables (okra, peppers, tomatoes) remain complimentary
products for the rural zones, especially the North.
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- Dried fruits (pineapple, mango) are already consumed
in Europe; the draconian norms of exportation make up an niche
market activity restricted to merchants capable of investing in
large, unique equipment made specifically for that activity.
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The
GEHO Drier
The GEHO
Drier is a Hohenheim type drier (the name of the German university
that developed it) consists of a drying "tunnel" (12 m long
by 1.2 m wide) of forced convection; the innovation is to include
a thermal gas support at the diverging level of the tunnel entrance,
which allows for the use of the drier in humid regions.
It has been conceived in order to better the quality of manioc cossettes
et dried ignames traditionally on the edge of the road or in agricultural
streets.
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In a different drying method, the MAXICOQ, a current of air is
created by fans at the entrance of the dryer tunnel. It is developed
in such a manner that the fans can eventually be connected to solar
pannels for times when electricity is not available in the place
of work.
A prototype has been constructed at the Porto-Novo Songhai site
in Benin and subsequent trials have proven conclusive; once the
final adjustments have been made, 150 kg of manioc cossettes will
be able to be dried in less than 48 hours. This drier also works
for heavier, water-based products such as okra, peppers, and tomatoes
(average 60 kg in 24 hours). This equipment is convenient for both
the mass and the private producer.
These two new machines therefore permit the maximization of a marketable
and vibrant production venue. The improved drying process (along
with the drying tools) can permit farmers to better conservation
techniques post harvest of perishable agricultural products (drying
of manioc and igname cossettes) as well as women to diversify their
production activities of basic foodstuffs (production of instant
aklui, igname flour, shrimp flour, goussi powder, etc.)
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The Maxicoq drier (V2)
The first MAXICOQ
type drier in Benin. At the request of a group of women, the
MAXICOQ drier (20 to 30 kg of fresh product) possesses a greater capacity
than the shell drier (10 kg of fresh product).
It is particular in that it is a solar drier supported by gas source,
conceived with wheels and therefore mobile, and able to treat 30 kg
of "mawê humide" (fermented corn pasta) in 6 hours.
This drier is extremely convenient for groups of women in the rural
areas for the fabrication of dry "gari", of "aklui
instantané" (bouillon derived from "mawê")
and of "adowè instantané" (purée of
"niébé").
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This is the final drier in the series. The prototype was completed
in June 2003 in collaboration with GERES.
This drier will eventually replace the Maxicoq.
It is not currently available for retail sale (more testing is
required) but it will be distributed very soon.
for more information : send
us an e-mail
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The Shell Drier
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The shell driers (an innovation of GRET/GERES), uniquely solar
based easily adaptable, well known and used in the Sahel countries
and in Northern Benin by groups of women (domestic level).
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